Throughout its history, Randolph has had a diverse array of residents, including the Minsi Native Americans, European settlers, and Jewish immigrants from Russia and Poland. The land proved fertile for agriculture, and the beautiful woodlands and mountains made Randolph a vacation destination during the first half of the 20th century. Industrialization began by utilizing the township's natural resources, with brooks and rivers used for mills, bloomeries that utilized the township's supply of rich iron ore, and distilleries that produced cider and spirits.